The caves are of great importance for the history of early Indian art. The most significant Udayagiri caves are Hathi Gumpha -- with an inscription of Kalinga King Kharavela of the Chedi dynasty (2nd century BCE) -- Rani Gumpha (2nd century BCE), Ganesh Gumpha (1st century BCE), and Svargapuri and Machapuri (2nd and 1st century BCE).
